Inquiry based science education in National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" as a way to increase the popularity of natural and thechnical sciences

The article analyses the problem of reducing the rating of natural sciences in youth. Possible options for solving this issue are considered. Based on the experience of young scientists of the National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (NTU "KhPI"), it is indicated on perspective directions of interaction between higher education and secondary school in order to increase the popularity of natural and technical sciences. One of the points of contact can be the foundation of a creative space for children, which will be the focus of STEM education, and promote a positive image of the natural and technical sciences

Research of influence of technological processing parameters of protein-fat base for supply of sportsmen on activity of protease inhibitors

The object of research is the biological value of the protein-fat base for athletes, workers of heavy physical labor, military personnel, depending on the conditions of its preliminary processing. A technological audit, the purpose of which was to determine the change in the content of amino acids after enzymatic hydrolysis in samples of the protein-fat base, that had undergone pretreatment by microwave radiation, was conducted. The effectiveness of the protein-fat base pretreatment by microwave radiation was evaluated on the amount of α-amino nitrogen after enzymatic hydrolysis. Based on the analysis of the obtained data, the optimal conditions of the protein-fat base pretreatment were established: 250–350 seconds of microwave treatment time and its hydration to the 12–14 % of moisture content. Such processing will increase the biological value of the protein-fat base, namely, increase the degree of digestion and digestibility of proteins in the gastrointestinal tract

Development of the mathematical model of the kinetics of the stationary process of bio-cleaning with substratic inhibition

A scientifically sound method for calculating the parameters of bio-cleaning should contain as a basic a reliable mathematical description of the stationary process. The results of stationary laboratory experiments are presented in the coordinates “specific rate of destruction V – concentration ρ”. Statistical processing proves the presence of substrate inhibition for both gaseous and soluble and dissolved harmful substances in water. For an analytical description of the dependence of the biooxidation rate on the concentration of contaminants, a phenomenological approach is applied, taking into account in a simple form two obvious phenomena: the contact of a microorganism with a substrate molecule and the inhibitory effect of the medium on it. The numerical values of empirical dependency coefficients for the studied processes are calculated. A differential equation is proposed at the macro level that describes the kinetics of biochemical destruction. The concept of a macrokinetic mathematical model of bioremediation is defined as a system of two functions that quantitatively reflect the dependence of the specific oxidation rate of pollution on its concentration and concentration on time, as well as satisfying the relationship between the relationships of the same parameters in differential form. The dependence of concentration on time is defined both in the form of a numerical integration algorithm and in the form of an approximate formula. The adequacy and universality of the proposed model for the studied processes is proved. The advantage of the proposed model of substrate inhibition kinetics is the simplicity of the structure of the basic formula and the ease of determining empirical coefficients based on this. In addition to numerical integration for determining the time of destruction, an approximate analytical solution is found, which can be adequately used in the concentration range of the experimental study. Further research is aimed at developing methods for calculating non-stationary processes in biochemical purification plants of certain specific type

Research of the oilseeds ratio on the oxidative stability of the protein-fat base for sportsmen

The problem of improving physical performance and accelerating the course of recovery processes after physical exertion is one of the most pressing problems of medicine and sports. Nutrition is one of the main controlled factors that ensure the normal development of the body, health and quality of life. Nowadays the assortment of products is mainly expanded due to introduction of new technologies, application of new chemical compounds, development of genetic engineering. At the same time, daily food cannot provide the athlete's body with nutrients in the required amount. And, as a result, in recent years, to speed up regeneration, actively replenish spent plastic and energy resources, very often in sports use biologically active additives. One of the promising areas for improving the efficiency of athletes is the introduction in food rations qualitatively new food products that meet the needs of their body and at the same time have a long shelf life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the oxidation processes of the protein-fat basis, which can be used to organize the rational nutrition of athletes. The oxidative stability of the crushed sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, flax and mixtures was studied at various component ratios. It has been established that sesame seeds are the least susceptible to oxidation, and most of all – flax seeds. Among mixtures of seeds, the most prone to oxidation are mixtures that contain flax seeds and sunflower seeds. When adding sesame seeds to the mixture, the oxidative stability increases sharply. The optimal content (% by weight) of oil seeds in a protein-fat basis was calculated using the method of mathematical experiment planning in the software package "Statistica". The period of induction of oxidation of this mixture is 1.3–1.4 times higher than the induction period of sunflower seeds and 2.7–3.0 times higher than the induction period of flax seed. The use of such basis in food technologies, in particular the confectionery industry, opens up wide opportunities for expanding the range of specialized products for athletes

Pension provision in Ukraine: current problems and the experience of some EU States

The purpose of the article is to identify the problems faced by the pension system of Ukraine and to study the European experience to overcome them. Research results. The levels of pension provision in Ukraine were determined. The analysis of the current state of pension provision was carried out, and the primary problems affecting it were identified. Draft laws on the introduction of accumulative pension provision were considered, which should solve the issue of the deficit of the Pension Fund budget. Practical meaning. The positive experience of the implementation of pension reforms in some European countries, their stages and features were studied. Value/originality. The ways to overcome certain problems related to the introduction of accumulative pension provision in our country were proposed

Information system of optimization performance labour efficiency companies management

В роботі розглянуто сутність оптимального управління ефективністю праці, окреслені засади формування та оцінки ефективності праці. Запропоновано оптимальний підхід до підвищення ефективності праці, що дає можливість забезпечити прибутковість вітчизняних підприємств.В статье были рассмотрены суть оптимального управления производительностью труда, принципы формирования и оценки результатов труда. В результате исследования математической модели информационной системы с помощью математической нечеткой логики было разработано предприятие. Оптимальный подход к улучшению производительности включает в себя результаты оценки эффективности труда, темпов роста производства и чистой прибыли. Подтверждение значительной роли гипотез эффективности труда для достижения рентабельности предприятия позволяют утверждать справедливость предложенной информации для оптимизации управления предприятием. Был предложен оптимальный подход к повышению эффективности труда, который позволяет обеспечить рентабельность отечественных предприятий.The essence of optimum labour efficiency management and the principles of formation and evaluation of work were examined in this paper. In the result of research mathematical model of information system the enterprise by means of mathematical fuzzy logic was developed. An optimum approach to improve work efficiency includes the results of the efficiency labour evaluation, the growth rate of production and net profits. Confirmation the significant role of labour efficiency hypotheses to achieve profitability allows enterprises to assert the validity of the proposed information system management optimization. An optimum approach to improve work efficiency, which enables to ensure the profitability of domestic enterprises, was offered. It is necessary to continue research of evaluating solving problems and improving synergistic effect of management work